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Explore the history of Ancient Rome — from the founding of the Republic to the fall of the Empire. Politics, warfare, culture, and legacy.

Julio-Claudians

Caligula: What the Sources Say About the Mad Emperor, and What They Invented

Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus ruled Rome for three years and ten months, from March 37 CE to January 41 CE. He was 24 when he took power and 28 when officers of his own Praetorian Guard cut him down in a corridor on the Palatine during the games. Rome has been arguing about what …

October 11, 2026

painting

George Loring Brown's Temple of Peace Painting and the Roman Forum's Most Misnamed Ruin

In 1864 the Boston painter George Loring Brown finished a landscape he called View of the Temple of Peace in the Roman Forum. It’s now in the …

September 25, 2026

art

Half of This Roman Mosaic Glass Bowl Is Plaster, and the Smithsonian Kept It

The Smithsonian American Art Museum owns a Roman mosaic glass bowl made sometime between the 1st century BCE and the 1st century CE. It’s about 17 …

September 25, 2026

Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar's 44 BCE Denarius: The Coin That Helped Get Him Killed

The silver coin in the Smithsonian’s National Numismatic Collection is small, about 19 millimetres across, and it carries the face of a man who had …

September 25, 2026

religion

Juno Moneta: How a Roman Goddess Gave Us the Words Money and Mint

Every time you say “money” you’re saying the name of a Roman goddess. Juno Moneta had a temple on the Capitoline Hill, the Romans made their coins …

September 25, 2026

Piranesi

Piranesi's Altar to Apollo and the 18th-Century Business of Selling Ancient Rome

Cooper Hewitt, the Smithsonian’s design museum, has a late 18th-century watercolour of a Roman altar dedicated to Apollo. It’s carved all over with …

September 25, 2026

art

A Freed Slave in Augustan Rome Paid to Have His Wrinkles Carved in Marble

The piece is small, about nine and a half inches high, and it is obviously a fragment. A man’s head and shoulders, carved in marble in the late first …

September 21, 2026

art

The Badminton Sarcophagus Was Carved While the Roman Empire Was Coming Apart

Forty human and animal figures, cut in high relief across seven feet of marble, with Dionysos riding a panther at the centre and the four Seasons …

September 21, 2026

art

The Boscoreale Bedroom at the Met May Be Named for the Wrong Roman

Vesuvius buried the villa at Boscoreale in 79 CE, about a kilometre north of Pompeii on the mountain’s lower slopes. By then the room was already old. …

September 21, 2026

art

The Met's Augustus Was Carved After He Died, and It Shows Him Half His Age

The head is over life-size, twelve inches on its own, and it broke away long ago from what was probably a seated statue of the emperor. The Met dates …

September 21, 2026

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Ancient Rome

Explore the history of Ancient Rome — from the founding of the Republic to the fall of the Empire. Politics, warfare, culture, and legacy.

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