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Outside the Vienna Secession building stands one of the more theatrical bronze monuments in Europe: the Marc Anton Gruppe, cast in 1899 by the Austrian sculptor Arthur Strasser. It shows Mark Antony in full Roman dress, seated in a chariot pulled not by horses but by four lions — …
On August 9, 378 AD, the Eastern Roman emperor Valens led his army against a Gothic force near Adrianople in Thrace — modern Edirne in northwestern …
On August 2, 216 BC, on a flat plain near the Aufidus River in southern Italy, the Carthaginian general Hannibal Barca destroyed a Roman army of …
On a June morning in 217 BC, the Roman consul Gaius Flaminius led his army of approximately 25,000 men along the northern shore of Lake Trasimene in …
On October 28, 312 AD, Constantine defeated Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge north of Rome, ending the civil war between them and establishing …
On August 9, 48 BC — the same calendar date, by a coincidence historians have noted, as the Battle of Adrianople 426 years later — Julius Caesar’s …
The popular image of Roman battlefield tactics consists largely of the testudo — the tortoise formation with interlocked shields — and the general …
The Roman legion was an infantry force, and the Romans knew it. This was not a limitation they were ignorant of — it was a structural fact of their …
In the autumn of 9 AD, three Roman legions — the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth — were destroyed in the forests of Germania over the course …
The Battle of Zama in 202 BC ended the Second Punic War and established Roman dominance over the western Mediterranean for the next three centuries. …
